COT Function

Excel Functions › Math & Trig

Excel 2013+ Math & Trig

The Excel COT function returns the cotangent of an angle — the reciprocal of the tangent, 1/TAN. Excel measures angles in radians, so convert degrees with RADIANS first.


Quick answer:
=COT(RADIANS(45)) cotangent of 45 degrees = 1

Syntax

=COT(number)
ArgumentDescription
numberRequiredThe angle in radians whose cotangent you want. Convert degrees with RADIANS(deg) or deg*PI()/180.

How to use it

COT is simply 1/TAN(number), equal to COS divided by SIN. It was added in Excel 2013. Excel expects radians, so wrap any degree value in RADIANS():

=COT(RADIANS(45)) // 45 deg = 1
=COT(RADIANS(90)) // 90 deg = 0
=COT(PI()/4) // pi/4 radians = 1

Because cotangent is the reciprocal of tangent, =COT(x) gives the same result as =1/TAN(x) — useful in older versions without COT.

Undefined where tangent is zero. At 0° (and 180°) the tangent is zero, so cotangent is undefined and =COT(0) returns a #DIV/0! error. Use angles where tangent is non-zero.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a COT example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

What is the cotangent of an angle?
Cotangent is the reciprocal of tangent: COT(x) = 1/TAN(x), also equal to COS(x)/SIN(x).
Which Excel versions have COT?
COT was added in Excel 2013. In Excel 2010 and earlier, use =1/TAN(x) instead.
Why does COT(0) return an error?
The tangent of 0 is zero, and dividing by zero is undefined, so =COT(0) returns #DIV/0!. Cotangent only works where tangent is non-zero.
Does COT take degrees or radians?
Radians, just like TAN. Convert degrees first with RADIANS(deg), for example =COT(RADIANS(45)).

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Related functions: TAN · COTH · SEC · CSC · RADIANS · PI