Annuity Payout from a Lump Sum

Excel Formulas › Financial

All versionsPMT

How much can a nest egg pay out each month for a set number of years? PMT turns a present lump sum into a level withdrawal that runs the balance to zero.


Quick formula: monthly payout from savings B1 over B2 years at rate B3:
=PMT(B3/12, B2*12, -B1)
The lump sum is the present value; PMT returns the level payment that exhausts it over the term.

Functions used (tap for the full reference guide):

The example

$500,000 paying out over 25 years at 4%.

AB
1ItemValue
2Lump sum$500,000
3Monthly payout$2,639

The formula

The formula:

=PMT(B3/12, B2*12, -B1) // level withdrawal

How it works

How it works:

  1. The savings are the present value; enter it negative so the payout is positive.
  2. PMT(rate/12, years*12, -lumpSum) returns the level monthly payout that draws the balance to zero over the term.
  3. A higher return or shorter term means a larger payout; the remaining balance keeps earning between withdrawals.
  4. To leave a balance at the end, add it as the future value argument.

Run it forever? For a payout that never depletes the principal (a perpetuity), the sustainable withdrawal is just balance × rate — see the perpetuity recipe. PMT is for a fixed term that ends at zero.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Lump sum, years, return.

Monthly payout:

Variations

Leave a balance

Future value:

=PMT(r/12, months, -lumpSum, -leftover)

How long will it last?

Solve NPER:

=NPER(r/12, payout, -lumpSum)

Perpetuity payout

Never depletes:

=lumpSum * r

Pitfalls & errors

Sign convention. Lump sum negative so the payout is positive.

Return assumption. The payout depends on a steady rate — market swings change the real outcome.

Inflation. A level payout loses purchasing power over a long term.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free Annuity Payout from a Lump Sum practice workbook
An annuity-payout sheet with the leave-a-balance, duration, and perpetuity variants, plus 4 challenges with answers. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How much can my savings pay out each month in Excel?
Use =PMT(rate/12, years*12, -lumpSum). It returns the level monthly withdrawal that draws the balance to zero over the term.
How do I leave money at the end?
Add the remaining balance as the future value: =PMT(rate/12, months, -lumpSum, -leftover).
How long will my savings last at a fixed withdrawal?
Use =NPER(rate/12, payout, -lumpSum).

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Related formulas: Present value (PV) · Perpetuity value · Savings goal payment

Function references: PMT