Coinsurance Penalty (Underinsurance)

Excel Formulas › Insurance

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Commercial property policies require insuring to a coinsurance percentage of value. Underinsure, and a claim is reduced by the ratio of carried to required coverage — the dreaded coinsurance penalty.


Quick formula: penalized claim payment:
=loss * (coverage_carried / (value * coinsurance_pct)) - deductible
Multiply the loss by carried-over-required coverage (capped at 1), then subtract the deductible.

Functions used (tap for the full reference guide):

The example

$100k value, 80% req, $60k carried, $40k loss.

AB
1ItemValue
260k / 80k0.75
340k × 0.75→ $30,000

The formula

The formula:

=loss * MIN(carried / (value * coins_pct), 1) // loss × (carried ÷ required), capped at 1

How it works

How it works:

  1. Required coverage = value × coinsurance % (e.g. 80% of replacement value).
  2. The coinsurance factor = carried ÷ required, capped at 1 (no bonus for over-insuring).
  3. Multiply the loss by the factor, then subtract the deductible.
  4. Insure to the requirement and the factor is 1 — no penalty.

Illustrative math only — not insurance, financial, or legal advice. Policy language, state regulation, and carrier rules govern actual claims, premiums, and coverage. Always read the policy and consult a licensed professional.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Value, coinsurance %, carried, loss.

Factor · Payment

Variations

Required coverage

The threshold:

=value * coinsurance_pct

Coinsurance factor

Capped at 1:

=MIN(carried / (value*coins_pct), 1)

Penalty amount

What underinsurance costs:

=loss - loss*MIN(carried/(value*coins_pct),1)

Pitfalls & errors

Cap at 1. Over-insuring earns no bonus — MIN(…, 1).

Insure to value. Penalty applies even on partial losses.

Not advice. Coinsurance clauses vary — read the policy.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free Coinsurance Penalty (Underinsurance) practice workbook
A coinsurance sheet with the required-coverage, factor, and penalty variants, plus 4 challenges with answers. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate a coinsurance penalty in Excel?
Multiply the loss by carried/required coverage capped at 1: =loss * MIN(carried / (value * coins_pct), 1). A $40k loss underinsured to 75% pays $30,000 before deductible.
What's the required coverage?
Value times the coinsurance percentage: =value * coinsurance_pct, e.g. 80% of replacement value.
How do I avoid the penalty?
Carry at least the required coverage so the factor is 1 — no reduction applies.

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Related formulas: Claim payout after deductible · Replacement cost vs ACV · Min if criteria

Function references: MIN