Deadhead (Empty Miles) Percentage

Excel Formulas › Logistics & Trucking

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Deadhead is miles driven empty between loads — pure cost, no revenue. The deadhead percentage measures how efficiently you keep the trailer loaded.


Quick formula: deadhead share of total miles:
=empty_miles / total_miles
Empty miles over total miles, as a percentage. 180 empty of 1,380 total is ~13%.

The example

180 empty, 1,200 loaded.

AB
1ItemValue
2180 / 1380—
3Deadhead→ ~13%

The formula

The formula:

=empty_miles / (loaded_miles + empty_miles) // empty ÷ total miles

How it works

How it works:

  1. Total miles = loaded + empty (deadhead) miles.
  2. Divide empty miles by total for the deadhead percentage.
  3. Deadhead is cost with no revenue — lower is better (industry ~10–20%).
  4. It dilutes the loaded rate: spread load pay over total miles for the true rate per mile.

Deadhead is the hidden tax on a good rate. A load at $2.50 per loaded mile with 15% deadhead really earns about $2.13 per total mile — the empty miles still burn fuel and hours. Minimizing deadhead (backhauls, smart lane selection) is often a bigger margin lever than squeezing rates, because every empty mile is 100% cost.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Empty and loaded miles.

Deadhead:

Variations

Total miles

Loaded + empty:

=loaded_miles + empty_miles

True rate per mile

Over all miles:

=load_revenue / (loaded_miles + empty_miles)

Empty-mile cost

Deadhead cost:

=empty_miles * cost_per_mile

Pitfalls & errors

Total in denominator. Deadhead % is empty ÷ total, not empty ÷ loaded.

Still costs. Empty miles burn fuel and HOS hours.

Zero miles. No miles gives #DIV/0!.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free Deadhead (Empty Miles) Percentage practice workbook
A deadhead sheet with the total-miles, true-rate, and empty-cost variants, plus 4 challenges with answers. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate deadhead percentage in Excel?
Empty miles over total miles: =empty_miles / (loaded_miles + empty_miles). 180 empty of 1,380 total is ~13%.
Why does deadhead matter?
Empty miles earn nothing but cost fuel and hours, diluting your effective rate per mile.
How does it affect my rate?
Spread load pay over total miles: a high loaded rate with heavy deadhead earns much less per total mile.

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Related formulas: Revenue per mile · Cost per mile (trucking) · Fleet utilization