Vehicle Depreciation Schedule

Excel Formulas › Automotive & Fleet

All versions

Cars lose value fast and unevenly. Model declining-balance depreciation — each year’s value is the prior year times a retention rate — to project resale value at any age.


Quick formula: value after N years (declining balance):
=purchase_price * (1 - annual_rate)^years
Price times the retained fraction raised to the number of years gives the depreciated value.

The example

$35k car, 15%/yr, 5 years.

AB
1ItemValue
235000 × 0.85^5—
3Value→ ~$15,533

The formula

The formula:

=purchase_price * (1 - annual_rate)^years // price × (1 − rate)^years

How it works

How it works:

  1. Each year the car keeps a fraction of its value: 1 - annual_rate.
  2. After N years, value = price × (1 - rate)^years — compounding decline.
  3. Total depreciation = price − that value.
  4. Cars often drop fastest in year one; a higher first-year rate models that better.

First-year drop is steeper. New cars can lose 20%+ the moment they leave the lot, then settle to ~15%/year. Model year one separately, or use the steeper average if buying new — it’s the main reason a lightly-used car is often the value buy: someone else absorbed the first-year cliff.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Price, annual depreciation rate, years.

Value · Lost

Variations

Total depreciation

Price less value:

=price - price * (1 - rate)^years

Straight-line (compare)

Even per year:

=(price - salvage) / useful_years

Annual rate from values

Back into the rate:

=1 - (end_value / price)^(1/years)

Pitfalls & errors

Rate as decimal. 15% is 0.15 in the power.

Year-one cliff. New cars drop faster early — a flat rate understates it.

Model varies. Make, mileage, and condition swing real resale.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free Vehicle Depreciation Schedule practice workbook
A depreciation sheet with the total, straight-line, and rate-from-values variants, plus 4 challenges with answers. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How do I model vehicle depreciation in Excel?
Declining balance: =purchase_price * (1 - annual_rate)^years. A $35k car at 15%/yr is ~$15,533 after 5 years.
How do I find total depreciation?
Subtract the depreciated value from price: =price - price * (1 - rate)^years.
How do I back into the depreciation rate?
Use =1 - (end_value / price)^(1/years) from a known start and end value.

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