FTEST Function

Excel Functions › Compatibility

All versions (legacy) Compatibility

The Excel FTEST function returns the two-tailed probability that the variances of two data sets are not significantly different. It is the legacy name of F.TEST, introduced in Excel 2010.


Quick answer:
=FTEST({6,7,9,15,21},{20,28,31,38,40}) two-tail p-value ≈ 0.65

Syntax

=FTEST(array1, array2)
ArgumentDescription
array1RequiredThe first range or array of data.
array2RequiredThe second range or array of data.

How to use it

FTEST compares the variances of two samples and returns the two-tailed p-value of an F-test — the probability that the two variances are equal. A small p-value suggests the variances genuinely differ.

=FTEST({6,7,9,15,21},{20,28,31,38,40}) // two-tail p ≈ 0.65

Here the high p-value (about 0.65) means there is no evidence the two groups have different variances. FTEST is often a preliminary check before choosing the right two-sample t-test.

Use F.TEST instead: =F.TEST({6,7,9,15,21},{20,28,31,38,40}) in Excel 2010+ returns the same p-value. FTEST is retained only for backward compatibility.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a FTEST example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

What is the modern replacement for FTEST?
F.TEST, added in Excel 2010, with the same two arguments. =F.TEST(array1,array2) equals =FTEST(array1,array2).
What does FTEST return — a statistic or a p-value?
A two-tailed p-value: the probability that the two samples' variances are equal. It does not return the F statistic itself.
How do I interpret the result?
A small p-value (below your significance level, often 0.05) indicates the two variances differ significantly. A large value — as in the example — means no significant difference.
When would I use FTEST?
To check whether two groups have equal variances — a common assumption test before running a two-sample t-test or ANOVA. New workbooks should call F.TEST.

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