MONTH Function

Excel Functions › Date & Time

All Excel versions Date & Time

The Excel MONTH function extracts the month number (1–12) from any date — the workhorse behind monthly summaries, quarter calculations, and "same month as" comparisons. It returns a number, never "June"; for month names you bring in TEXT. Together with DAY, YEAR, and DATE, it lets you take dates apart and reassemble them at will.


Quick answer: to get the month number from a date in A2:
=MONTH(A2)
If A2 holds 06/15/2026, the result is 6. For the name instead of the number, use =TEXT(A2, "mmmm") → "June".

Syntax

=MONTH(serial_number)
ArgumentDescription
serial_numberRequiredThe date to read the month from — a cell with a real date, a DATE formula, or a raw serial number.

Serial numbers, again: Excel stores dates as a count of days since January 1, 1900, with times as fractions of a day. MONTH reads the month out of that serial number, so =MONTH(46188) returns 6 just like =MONTH("6/15/2026") — serial 46188 is June 15, 2026.

Extract the month from a date

MONTH turns any date into its month number, ready for sorting, grouping, or comparing. Column C shows the companion trick for names:

ABC
1Order date=MONTH(A)=TEXT(A,"mmm")
201/05/20261Jan
306/15/20266Jun
409/30/20269Sep
512/31/202612Dec
=MONTH(A2) // returns 6 for 06/15/2026
=TEXT(A2, "mmm") // "Jun" — "mmmm" gives "June"

A typical use: flag or filter rows from a list of dated orders by month:

=IF(MONTH(A2) = 6, "June order", "")

Try it: interactive MONTH demo

Live demo

Pick a date and watch MONTH extract the number — plus the name and quarter formulas built on top of it.

Quarters, month grouping, and comparisons

Because MONTH returns a clean 1–12, a little arithmetic turns it into a calendar quarter:

=ROUNDUP(MONTH(A2) / 3, 0) // quarter number 1-4
="Q" & ROUNDUP(MONTH(A2) / 3, 0) & " " & YEAR(A2) // "Q2 2026"

To group dates by month across years correctly, anchor every date to the first of its month — MONTH alone would lump June 2025 with June 2026:

=DATE(YEAR(A2), MONTH(A2), 1) // month bucket: 06/01/2026

And the classic same-month test compares both parts:

=AND(MONTH(A2) = MONTH(B2), YEAR(A2) = YEAR(B2)) // TRUE if same calendar month

Errors & common pitfalls

#VALUE! — not a real date. Text like "Jun 15th 2026" or a locale-mismatched import can’t be coerced to a serial number. Convert with DATEVALUE or rebuild with DATE.

Pitfall: expecting "June" and getting 6. MONTH always returns the number. =TEXT(A2, "mmmm") gives the full name, "mmm" the abbreviation. Avoid formatting the MONTH result itself — format the original date.

Pitfall: grouping by MONTH alone mixes years. MONTH of June 2025 and June 2026 are both 6. For monthly reports spanning years, group on DATE(YEAR(A2), MONTH(A2), 1) instead.

Pitfall: the result displays as a date. If =MONTH(A2) shows 01/06/1900, the cell carries a date format — the underlying 6 is correct. Switch the format to General.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free MONTH practice workbook
Every example on this page, ready to open in Excel — plus practice challenges with answers on a separate tab. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How do I get the month name instead of the number?
Use TEXT on the date itself: =TEXT(A2, "mmmm") returns "June", =TEXT(A2, "mmm") returns "Jun". MONTH only ever returns the number 1–12.
How do I convert a month number to a quarter?
Divide by 3 and round up: =ROUNDUP(MONTH(A2)/3, 0) gives 1–4. For fiscal years that don't start in January, shift first: =ROUNDUP(MOD(MONTH(A2)-7, 12)/3 + 0.01, 0)-style offsets, or simply use a 12-row lookup table.
Why does MONTH give the same answer for June 2025 and June 2026?
Because it only reports the month component (6 in both cases). To keep years separate when grouping, build a month-bucket date: =DATE(YEAR(A2), MONTH(A2), 1).
Why does MONTH return #VALUE!?
The argument isn't something Excel can read as a date serial number — usually imported text dates. Real dates are right-aligned numbers under the hood; convert text with DATEVALUE or Text to Columns first.
Can I get the month from a date-and-time value?
Yes. A timestamp is just a serial number with a fraction for the time (46188.75 is 6 PM on June 15, 2026), and MONTH ignores the fraction: the answer is still 6.

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Related functions: DAY · YEAR · DATE · EDATE · EOMONTH · TEXT