GROWTH Function

Excel Functions › Statistical

All versions Statistical

The Excel GROWTH function predicts exponential growth: it fits the curve y = b·m^x to your known data and returns the predicted y-values for new x-values — the exponential counterpart of TREND.


Quick answer:
=GROWTH(B2:B7, A2:A7, A8:A10) predicted y-values for new periods

Syntax

=GROWTH(known_ys, [known_xs], [new_xs], [const])
ArgumentDescription
known_ysRequiredThe set of y-values you already know from the relationship y = b·m^x. Must be all positive.
known_xsOptionalThe known x-values. If omitted, Excel uses {1,2,3,...} the same size as known_ys.
new_xsOptionalThe new x-values for which you want predicted y-values. If omitted, new_xs is assumed equal to known_xs.
constOptionalTRUE (or omitted) calculates the constant b normally; FALSE forces b = 1.

How to use it

GROWTH is a dynamic-array / array formula: it returns one predicted y for each new x, so it spills down (or across) a range. Lay your known points out as two columns and point the new x-values at a third range.

=GROWTH(B2:B7, A2:A7, A8:A10) // predict y for 3 new x's
=GROWTH(B2:B7) // fit & refit known y's, x assumed 1,2,3...

Under the hood GROWTH fits an exponential trend by taking the natural log of the y-values, running a linear regression, then exponentiating the predictions. Because of that log step, every known y-value must be greater than zero — a zero or negative y returns #NUM!.

Use GROWTH when the data roughly doubles/halves over equal steps (populations, viral spread, compound returns). When change is linear instead, use TREND. To see the fitted coefficients themselves, use LOGEST.

Legacy entry: in Excel 2019 and earlier, GROWTH does not spill automatically — select the output range first, type the formula, then press Ctrl+Shift+Enter. In Excel 365 it spills on its own.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a GROWTH example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between GROWTH and TREND?
TREND fits a straight line (y = mx + b) and predicts linear values; GROWTH fits an exponential curve (y = b·m^x) and predicts values that grow by a constant percentage each step.
Why does GROWTH return #NUM!?
GROWTH takes logarithms of the known y-values, so they must all be positive. A zero or negative y-value (or non-numeric data) triggers #NUM!.
Does GROWTH spill automatically?
In Excel 365 it spills into the cells below/right of the formula. In Excel 2019 and earlier you must select the whole output range and enter it as an array formula with Ctrl+Shift+Enter.
How do I see the exponential equation GROWTH is using?
Use LOGEST on the same data — it returns the base m and constant b of the fitted curve y = b·m^x, the coefficients GROWTH applies internally.

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Related functions: LOGEST · TREND · LINEST · SLOPE · INTERCEPT