ARABIC Function

Excel Functions › Math & Trig

Excel 2013+ Math & Trig

The Excel ARABIC function converts a Roman numeral (as text) into its ordinary Arabic number — the exact inverse of ROMAN.


Quick answer:
=ARABIC("XIV") Roman XIV = 14

Syntax

=ARABIC(text)
ArgumentDescription
textRequiredA Roman numeral as text, e.g. "XIV". Case is ignored. An empty string returns 0; a leading minus sign is allowed for negative results.

How to use it

ARABIC reads a Roman numeral string and returns the equivalent number. It understands standard subtractive notation, where a smaller numeral before a larger one is subtracted (IV = 4, IX = 9).

=ARABIC("XIV") // = 14
=ARABIC("MCMXC") // = 1990

Case doesn't matter, so "xiv" and "XIV" both return 14. To go the other direction — turning a number into a Roman numeral — use ROMAN.

Tip: ARABIC pairs naturally with ROMAN for round-trips: =ARABIC(ROMAN(1990)) returns 1990.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a ARABIC example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

Is ARABIC the opposite of ROMAN?
Yes. ROMAN turns a number into a Roman numeral string; ARABIC turns a Roman numeral string back into a number. =ARABIC(ROMAN(1990)) returns 1990.
Is ARABIC case-sensitive?
No. "mcmxc", "MCMXC", and any mixed case all return the same value (1990).
Does ARABIC understand subtractive notation like IV and IX?
Yes. A smaller numeral immediately before a larger one is subtracted, so "IV" is 4, "IX" is 9, and "XIV" is 14.
What is the largest Roman numeral ARABIC can read?
Standard Roman numerals top out around 3999 (MMMCMXCIX). ARABIC reads any valid numeral text; an empty string returns 0.

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Related functions: ROMAN · BASE · DECIMAL · RAND · SEQUENCE