Cost of Doing Business (CODB) Hourly Rate

Excel Formulas › Photography & Creative

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Your CODB rate is the hourly figure that keeps the lights on — annual expenses plus your target salary, divided by actually-billable hours. Bill below it and the business loses money no matter how busy you are.


Quick formula: the hourly rate that covers everything:
=(annual_costs + target_salary) / billable_hours
Total annual costs plus the salary you need, over realistically billable hours, gives the rate you must charge.

The example

$30k costs, $50k salary, 1,000 billable hrs.

AB
1ItemValue
280,000 / 1,000—
3CODB rate→ $80/hr

The formula

The formula:

=(annual_costs + target_salary) / billable_hours // (costs + salary) ÷ billable hours

How it works

How it works:

  1. Total annual business costs — gear, software, insurance, marketing, studio.
  2. Add your target salary — what you need to pay yourself.
  3. Divide by billable hours — only the hours clients actually pay for, not all worked.
  4. The result is the floor rate; profit margin is added on top.

Billable hours are the trap. A 2,000-hour work year is maybe 1,000 billable hours once you subtract editing, marketing, admin, and dead time. Dividing by 2,000 instead of 1,000 halves your rate and quietly bankrupts you. Be honest about how few hours actually get billed — that small denominator is exactly why creative work costs what it does.

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Annual costs, salary, billable hours.

CODB rate:

Variations

Add profit margin

Rate above floor:

=codb_rate / (1 - profit_margin)

Day rate

From hourly:

=codb_rate * billable_hours_per_day

Sessions to break even

Cover costs:

=annual_costs / avg_session_profit

Pitfalls & errors

Billable, not worked. Use only client-paid hours in the denominator.

Pay yourself. Include a real salary, not just costs.

Zero hours. No billable hours gives #DIV/0!.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free Cost of Doing Business (CODB) Hourly Rate practice workbook
A CODB sheet with the profit-margin, day-rate, and break-even variants, plus 4 challenges with answers. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate my CODB hourly rate in Excel?
Add annual costs and salary, divide by billable hours: =(annual_costs + target_salary) / billable_hours. $80k over 1,000 hours is $80/hr.
Why use billable hours, not total hours?
Only client-paid hours generate revenue. Editing, marketing, and admin don't, so dividing by all worked hours understates the rate badly.
How do I add profit on top?
Divide by one minus the margin: =codb_rate / (1 - profit_margin).

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