Gross Margin per Acre

Excel Formulas › Agriculture & Farming

All versions

Gross margin per acre — revenue minus variable costs, per acre — is the standard way to rank enterprises. It tells you which crop earns most on each acre before fixed costs.


Quick formula: gross margin per acre:
=revenue_per_acre - variable_cost_per_acre
Revenue per acre (yield × price) minus the variable cost per acre gives the gross margin to compare crops.

The example

$765 revenue, $520 variable cost.

AB
1ItemValue
2765 − 520—
3Gross margin→ $245/ac

The formula

The formula:

=revenue_per_acre - variable_cost_per_acre // revenue − variable cost, per acre

How it works

How it works:

  1. Revenue per acre = yield × price (+ any government payments).
  2. Subtract variable costs per acre — seed, fertilizer, chemicals, fuel, drying.
  3. The result is gross margin per acre — the contribution before fixed/overhead costs.
  4. Rank enterprises (corn vs beans vs wheat) by gross margin to allocate acres.

Gross margin, not yield or price, ranks enterprises. A high-yielding crop with high input costs can lose to a modest crop with cheap inputs. Comparing gross margin per acre across enterprises — on the same land — is how you decide the rotation and acre mix. Keep fixed costs out of this number; they do not change with which crop you plant.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Revenue and variable cost per acre.

Margin · Ratio

Variations

Total field margin

Per acre × acres:

=(revenue_per_acre - variable_cost) * acres

Margin ratio

Margin ÷ revenue:

=(revenue - variable_cost) / revenue

Net after fixed costs

Subtract overhead:

=gross_margin - fixed_cost_per_acre

Pitfalls & errors

Variable only. Gross margin subtracts variable costs, not fixed/overhead.

Per-acre basis. Compare enterprises on the same per-acre footing.

Include payments. Add government/insurance payments to revenue if relevant.

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free Gross Margin per Acre practice workbook
A gross-margin sheet with the total, ratio, and net variants, plus 4 challenges with answers. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate gross margin per acre in Excel?
Subtract variable cost from revenue per acre: =revenue_per_acre - variable_cost_per_acre. $765 - $520 is $245/acre.
What's the difference from net profit?
Gross margin subtracts only variable costs. Net profit also subtracts fixed/overhead costs.
Why rank enterprises by gross margin?
It shows which crop contributes most per acre before fixed costs, guiding the rotation and acre allocation.

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Related formulas: Break-even price per bushel · Crop yield per acre · Contribution margin