KURT Function

Excel Functions › Statistical

All versions Statistical

The Excel KURT function returns the kurtosis of a data set — a measure of how heavy-tailed and peaked a distribution is relative to a normal curve. Excel returns excess kurtosis, so a normal distribution scores 0.


Quick answer:
=KURT({3,4,5,2,3,4,5,6,4,7}) excess kurtosis ≈ -0.15

Syntax

=KURT(number1, [number2], ...)
ArgumentDescription
number1RequiredThe first number, reference, or array. At least four data points are required.
number2, ...OptionalUp to 254 additional numbers or ranges. Empty cells, text, and logical values in a range are ignored.

How to use it

Kurtosis describes the tails of a distribution. Excel reports excess kurtosis (kurtosis minus 3), so the benchmarks are:

=KURT({3,4,5,2,3,4,5,6,4,7}) // ≈ -0.15
ResultMeaning
> 0Leptokurtic — heavier tails / sharper peak than normal
= 0Mesokurtic — tails like a normal distribution
< 0Platykurtic — lighter tails / flatter peak than normal

KURT needs at least four data points; fewer returns #DIV/0!. The same happens if every value is identical (zero standard deviation).

Pair with SKEW: kurtosis describes tail weight; SKEW describes asymmetry. Together they summarize how far a distribution departs from a bell curve.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

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Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

Does KURT return kurtosis or excess kurtosis?
Excel returns excess kurtosis — the raw kurtosis minus 3 — so a perfectly normal distribution gives 0, not 3.
What does a positive or negative KURT value mean?
Positive (leptokurtic) means heavier tails and a sharper peak than a normal curve; negative (platykurtic) means lighter tails and a flatter peak. Zero matches a normal distribution.
How many data points does KURT need?
At least four. With fewer than four values, or if every value is identical (zero standard deviation), KURT returns #DIV/0!.
What is the difference between KURT and SKEW?
KURT measures the weight of the tails (peakedness); SKEW measures asymmetry — whether the distribution leans left or right. They describe different shape features.

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Related functions: SKEW · SKEW.P · STDEV.S · AVERAGE · DEVSQ