TRUNC Function

Excel Functions › Math & Trig

All versions Math & Trig

The Excel TRUNC function truncates a number to a set number of digits by simply dropping the rest — it cuts toward zero without any rounding.


Quick answer:
=TRUNC(5.9) drops decimals = 5

Syntax

=TRUNC(number, [num_digits])
ArgumentDescription
numberRequiredThe number you want to truncate.
num_digitsOptionalHow many digits to keep. Defaults to 0 (drop all decimals). Negative values truncate left of the decimal.

How to use it

TRUNC chops off digits beyond num_digits — no rounding, just truncation toward zero:

=TRUNC(5.9) // drop decimals = 5
=TRUNC(-5.9) // toward zero = -5
=TRUNC(3.14159, 2) // keep 2 decimals = 3.14

TRUNC and INT match for positive numbers, but differ for negatives: TRUNC cuts toward zero (-5.9-5), while INT rounds down (-5.9-6).

TRUNC keeps the sign-safe whole part. Because it always cuts toward zero, =A1-TRUNC(A1) returns the fractional part with the same sign as the original number — handy for splitting whole and fractional parts.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a TRUNC example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

What's the difference between TRUNC and INT?
For positives they match. For negatives TRUNC cuts toward zero (-5.9-5) while INT rounds down toward negative infinity (-5.9-6).
Does TRUNC round?
No — it simply drops the unwanted digits. =TRUNC(3.789, 1) is 3.7, not 3.8, because nothing is rounded.
Is TRUNC the same as ROUNDDOWN?
Functionally yes — both cut toward zero. TRUNC's num_digits is optional (defaults to 0), while ROUNDDOWN requires it.
Can TRUNC keep decimal places?
Yes — the optional second argument sets how many to keep. =TRUNC(3.14159, 2) returns 3.14.

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Related functions: INT · ROUNDDOWN · ROUND · FLOOR · MROUND