PERCENTILE Function

Excel Functions › Compatibility

All versions (legacy) Compatibility

The Excel PERCENTILE function returns the value at a given percentile of a dataset, interpolating between points. It is a legacy function; Microsoft replaced it in Excel 2010 with PERCENTILE.INC, which behaves identically.


Quick answer:
=PERCENTILE({1,2,3,4},0.25) the 25th percentile = 1.75

Syntax

=PERCENTILE(array, k)
ArgumentDescription
arrayRequiredThe array or range of numeric data that defines the distribution.
kRequiredThe percentile, between 0 and 1 inclusive (e.g. 0.25 for the 25th percentile).

How to use it

PERCENTILE finds the value below which a given fraction of the data falls, interpolating linearly between the two surrounding data points when the percentile lands between them. The range for k is inclusive of 0 and 1.

=PERCENTILE({1,2,3,4},0.25) // 25th percentile = 1.75
=PERCENTILE({1,2,3,4},0.5) // median = 2.5

Because it includes the endpoints, k = 0 returns the minimum and k = 1 the maximum. This inclusive behaviour is exactly what the modern PERCENTILE.INC reproduces.

Use PERCENTILE.INC in Excel 2010 and later. PERCENTILE maps to PERCENTILE.INC (inclusive). If you need the exclusive variant (k strictly between 0 and 1), use PERCENTILE.EXC instead. PERCENTILE is kept only for backward compatibility.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a PERCENTILE example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

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Frequently asked questions

Should I use PERCENTILE or PERCENTILE.INC?
Use PERCENTILE.INC in Excel 2010 or later — it gives the same inclusive result and is the supported function. PERCENTILE is kept only so older workbooks keep working.
What is the difference between PERCENTILE.INC and PERCENTILE.EXC?
INC (the legacy PERCENTILE behaviour) allows k from 0 to 1 inclusive, so 0 returns the minimum and 1 the maximum. EXC requires k strictly between 0 and 1 and uses a different interpolation, giving slightly different results.
What range must k be in?
For PERCENTILE (inclusive), k must be between 0 and 1 inclusive. A value outside that range returns an error.
How does PERCENTILE handle values between data points?
It interpolates linearly. For {1,2,3,4} the 25th percentile falls a quarter of the way from 1 toward 2, giving 1.75 rather than snapping to an existing value.

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Related functions: PERCENTILE.INC · PERCENTILE.EXC · QUARTILE · PERCENTRANK · MEDIAN