PERCENTRANK Function

Excel Functions › Compatibility

All versions (legacy) Compatibility

The Excel PERCENTRANK function returns the relative rank of a value within a dataset, as a percentage. It is a legacy function; Microsoft replaced it in Excel 2010 with PERCENTRANK.INC, which behaves identically.


Quick answer:
=PERCENTRANK({1,2,3,4,5},3) rank of 3 = 0.5 (50th percentile)

Syntax

=PERCENTRANK(array, x, [significance])
ArgumentDescription
arrayRequiredThe array or range of numeric data that defines the distribution.
xRequiredThe value whose rank you want to find.
significanceOptionalOptional. The number of significant digits in the returned percentage. Defaults to 3.

How to use it

PERCENTRANK is the complement of PERCENTILE: instead of asking “what value sits at the 50th percentile?”, it asks “what percentile does this value sit at?”. It returns a fraction between 0 and 1, interpolating for values between data points.

=PERCENTRANK({1,2,3,4,5},3) // 3 is at the 50th percentile = 0.5
=PERCENTRANK({1,2,3,4,5},5) // largest value = 1

The range is inclusive: the smallest value ranks at 0 and the largest at 1. The optional significance argument controls how many digits the result is rounded to (default 3).

Use PERCENTRANK.INC in Excel 2010 and later. PERCENTRANK maps to PERCENTRANK.INC (inclusive). For the exclusive variant use PERCENTRANK.EXC. PERCENTRANK is kept only for backward compatibility.

Try it: interactive demo

Live demo

Pick a PERCENTRANK example to see the formula and its result.

Result:

Practice workbook

📊
Download the free PERCENTRANK practice workbook
Every example on this page, ready to open in Excel — plus practice challenges with answers on a separate tab. No sign-up required.

Frequently asked questions

Should I use PERCENTRANK or PERCENTRANK.INC?
Use PERCENTRANK.INC in Excel 2010 or later — it gives the same inclusive result and is the supported function. PERCENTRANK is kept only so older workbooks keep working.
How is PERCENTRANK different from PERCENTILE?
They are inverses. PERCENTILE takes a percentile and returns the value at it; PERCENTRANK takes a value and returns the percentile it sits at.
What does the significance argument do?
It sets how many significant digits the returned percentage is rounded to. It defaults to 3; raising it gives a more precise rank for interpolated values.
What is the difference between PERCENTRANK.INC and PERCENTRANK.EXC?
INC (the legacy behaviour) ranks the smallest value at 0 and the largest at 1, inclusive. EXC excludes the endpoints, so ranks fall strictly between 0 and 1, matching PERCENTILE.EXC.

Master functions like this in one day

This page covers one function. Our Excel Formulas and Functions class covers the 30 that matter most — live, hands-on, taught by professionals in Dallas–Fort Worth, Houston, Austin, Oklahoma City, Denver, or online.

See the Formulas & Functions Class

Related functions: PERCENTRANK.INC · PERCENTRANK.EXC · PERCENTILE · RANK · QUARTILE